Waterproof Jackets and
Overtrousers
What do you need from your waterproof jacket?
All of the Up and Under range have been selected for the performance of
the materials, attention to seam sealing and zips and the fit and comfort of
the piece.
Firstly the garment needs to be waterproof, and the first thing to know
is nothing is completely waterproof. Confused? With enough pressure water will
penetrate any fabric. The way 'waterproofness' is measured is by determining
the amount of water pressure required to pass through a fabric. This is known
as hydrostatic head. In practical terms a hydrostatic head of around 10000mm is
enough to call a jacket waterproof. However most garments including GoreTex and
eVent aim to be north of 20000mm. Whilst the pressure of rain alone will not
reach this level, heavy packs, sitting down and strong winds will increase the
pressure on the jacket and a high waterproofness rating is comforting when
you're out in the hills for hours on end in torrential rain.
Secondly they need to be comfortable in their selected use. This means that
they need to be well tailored for non-restricted movement (articulated at the
elbows, for example). Walkers tend to be suited to longer jackets for good bum
coverage, where mountaineers require shorter cut options with chest
pockets so that there is no bulk to restrict access to harnesses and gear.
A good level of breathability is also important to keep your body dry and
comfortable in humid conditions when you are carrying out a high-energy level
activity- it's no good keeping the rain out but getting wet with sweat
instead!
Thirdly they need to be durable, and capable of dealing with the rigours
of wear in highly abrasive activities. The most durable jackets will be of a '3
layer' construction. This involves the membrane being bonded to an outer
face fabric and an inner scrim. This gives maximum protection to the delicate
membrane and increases the life of the jacket. Removing the scrim and replacing
it with a print or coating saves weight and bulk but sacrifices the durability
of the jacket. The actual face fabric used also has a huge bearing on
durability. The toughest face fabrics use nylon thread which is stronger
than polyester. As well as a good thread the way it is woven is important. A
tight weave with few loose threads means it is harder for dirt and debris to
work its way into the fabric and damage the membrane. Many of the garments have
higher denier fabrics on the shoulders and sleeves to add extra toughness to
high wear areas. The final factor in the longevity of a jacket is you! Lots of
people ask us how long a jacket will last and it is nigh on impossible to
answer, as there are so many variables. However one thing that is sure to
extend the life of your jacket immeasurably is taking good care of it. Regular
washing of the jacket it important as it clears the fabric of contaminates such
as dirt and sweat, which can damage the membrane. Also reproofing it will help
water to bead off the jacket like it is new again! How often to wash the jacket
requires common sense rather than a strict routine. Basically if it look dirty
or the inside is looking discoloured: Wash it. If the outer fabric is becoming
saturated and not beading: Reproof it... Simple!
A further consideration is the weight of the garment. This is tied in with
durability as generally speaking the lighter weight the less durable, however,
in certain circumstances lightness of weight and therefore low bulk and
speedier movement is more important.
Breathability (materials, coatings and technologies)
Whilst breathability is not always the most important issue the majority of
people tend to gauge the suitability of a jacket by it. Essentially, more
breathability means a less sweaty, drier and more comfortable jacket. It is
especially important for high intensity activities like hill walking, running
and climbing.
The leader in terms of breathability (whilst still being durable and having
high waterproofness) is eVent. However, with Rab moving away from eVent,
it only appears in our Crux sleeping bag range.
GoreTex is the other major player in waterproof fabric technology and is
probably the most recognised brand. GoreTex is generally less breathable
than eVent but in its top end ‘Pro’ guise as featured in many of
our premier mountaineering jackets, offers greater durability whilst
still being highly breathable and lightweight. Standard GoreTex 3 Layer
is a good all-round option for waterproofs giving good levels of breathability
and durability with a good value price.
At the other end of the weight scale, we have the ultra-light jackets. Lightweight
backpacking and Alpinism are examples of where such jackets excel,
but models made of these materials are also very useful as travel garments and summer
walking jackets as they weigh so little and pack up small. There are two
sacrifices that come with light weight; breathability and durability. These are
often less important, as you may be buying lightweight mainly to sit in your
rucksack (in case of a sudden unexpected downpour) and the benefits of the
weight saving outweighs the downsides. The leading fabric in our range for
lightweight fabrics is GoreTex Paclite Plus Shell.
Another
option is the Kinetic range from Rab, whose own Proflex membrane
boasts high breathability, flexibility and packability, though at a cost of
having a lower hydrostatic head than other membranes.
In many cases the amount of time spent in your waterproofs is becoming less and
less as the use of softshell or Pertex shelled microfibre
or pile garments increases (See our waterproof vs softshell blog for more info).
These garments provide great breathability and comfort combined with good
levels of water resistance and quick drying. This means that you only need to
take out the waterproof when it gets really bad and then it may only be for a
short period of time, so more and more people (especially those doing single
day adventures) are looking towards lower cost, lighter materials. One example
of this is the Rab Downpour, using a 2.5 rather than 3-LayerPertex Shield construction These jackets are just as waterproof as the
top end shells but will not be as durable or breathable.
The explosion of mountain marathons and trail running has also led to the
development of the some super-light, breathable and stretchy jackets. You can
find them in our Fell Running section.
Whilst breathability is still important in a pair of waterproof
over-trousers, most users feel that the quality of trousers is less
important than a good waterproof jacket, because the trousers usually only come
out when it rains heavily and you tend to produce less heat from your legs than
torso. If the shower is only light and quick and you can rely on the quick
drying nature of your non-cotton walking trousers. As a result of we offer a
range of lower level breathability and lower cost garments, which still perform
well, as well as some of the most advanced technical waterproof trousers and
salopettes available.
For general walking purposes a pair of trousers with features such as an
elasticated and drawcorded waist, knee length storm flapped zips and ankle
adjustment is important. A lightweight and packable option is the Marmot Precip Eco Pant, which comes in a full and half zip options and a
men’s and ladies’ cut. We can also get these in long and short leg lengths-
just ask us!
Another feature that makes wearing waterproof trousers a little more
pleasurable is articulated knees. Not only does this feature increase
the life of your trouser around the knee, it also gives you more freedom of
movement and generally stops the trouser working its way down as you walk.
Trousers with braces or higher waists are also useful, as getting the waistband
tight above your hips will stop your trousers falling down when they are
wet.
For winter walkers and climbers, a full-length zip might prove useful when crampons come into the equation. These zips
should again be fully covered by a sealable storm flap. Other useful
features are a scuff guard on the lower inner leg to protect the trouser when worn
with abrasive winter boots and crampons. These are all fully featured,
breathable choices for use in all seasons. For the most part the same
information given for jackets can be applied to trousers.